Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 18, 2026

Early Detection of Drug-Induced Renal Hemodynamic Dysfunction Using Sonographic Technology in Rats
06:38

Early Detection of Drug-Induced Renal Hemodynamic Dysfunction Using Sonographic Technology in Rats

Published on: March 11, 2016

[Correlation between dose/plasma concentration and assessment of hepatic and renal changes in Wistar rats treated

Wilson Roberto Malfará1, Sérgio Akira Uyemura, Regina Helena Costa Queiroz

  • 1Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto. wilsonmalfara@yahoo.com.br

Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira De Medicina Tropical
|April 12, 2005
PubMed

Insights

This study examined drug interactions in leprosy treatment. Rifampicin and ofloxacin levels increased with combined therapy, while minocycline decreased, potentially causing liver and kidney issues.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Toxicology

Context:

  • Leprosy, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, remains a global health concern, particularly in developing nations.
  • The paucibacillary form is treated with a single-dose regimen of rifampicin, ofloxacin, and minocycline (ROM scheme).
  • Understanding drug interactions within this regimen is crucial for effective and safe treatment.

Purpose:

  • To investigate the correlation between drug plasma concentrations and biochemical alterations in rats receiving single-dose mono- and polytherapy of rifampicin, ofloxacin, and minocycline.
  • To identify potential pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions among these leprosy medications.
  • To assess the biochemical impact of the ROM scheme on hepatic and renal functions.

Summary:

  • Rifampicin and ofloxacin plasma concentrations increased during polytherapy, while minocycline concentrations decreased, suggesting biotransformation or excretion interference.
  • Biochemical analyses indicated that rifampicin may be responsible for observed hepatic and renal changes.
  • Drug interactions within the ROM scheme necessitate individualized treatment considerations.

Impact:

  • Highlights the potential for altered drug efficacy and increased toxicity due to interactions in the ROM scheme.
  • Underscores the need for further research into personalized dosing strategies for leprosy patients.
  • Provides crucial data for optimizing multi-drug therapy regimens for infectious diseases like leprosy.

More Related Videos

Dose Uptake of Platinum- and Ruthenium-based Compound Exposure in Zebrafish by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry with Broader Applications08:46

Dose Uptake of Platinum- and Ruthenium-based Compound Exposure in Zebrafish by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry with Broader Applications

Published on: April 21, 2022

Microsurgical Skills of Establishing Permanent Jugular Vein Cannulation in Rats for Serial Blood Sampling of Orally Administered Drug08:28

Microsurgical Skills of Establishing Permanent Jugular Vein Cannulation in Rats for Serial Blood Sampling of Orally Administered Drug

Published on: December 14, 2021

Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Dose Adjustments Based on Drug Clearance and Elimination Rate Constant

In patients with renal disease, dosage adjustments are necessary to maintain therapeutic plasma drug concentrations and prevent toxicity or subtherapeutic exposure. Renal impairment alters drug pharmacokinetics, especially in conditions like uremia, where changes such as prolonged elimination half-life and altered apparent volume of distribution can significantly affect drug disposition. These changes require careful modification of the dosing regimen to achieve the desired clinical...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Serum Creatinine Concentration and Clearance01:25

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Measurement of Serum Creatinine Concentration and Clearance

In healthy individuals, serum creatinine levels remain stable due to a balance between its constant production—primarily from muscle metabolism—and renal excretion. Creatinine is freely filtered by the glomeruli, making it a valuable marker for estimating renal function. When the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decreases, the kidneys can only eliminate less creatinine, causing serum levels to rise.Serum creatinine concentration is widely used to estimate creatinine clearance (Clcr), a...
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration01:28

Drug Dosing in Renal Diseases: Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Serum Creatinine Concentration

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) can be estimated from serum creatinine using the modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula or the chronic kidney disease–epidemiology collaboration (CKD–EPI) equation. Both methods are widely used in clinical practice to assess kidney function and guide treatment decisions.The MDRD equation does not require weight or height measurements and is normalized to the body surface area of 1.73 m², considered the average adult surface area. This equation is...
Drug Concentration Versus Time Correlation01:15

Drug Concentration Versus Time Correlation

The plasma drug concentration-time curve is a crucial tool in pharmacokinetics, representing the drug's concentration in plasma at different time intervals post-administration. This curve illustrates the drug's journey from absorption into the systemic circulation, distribution to body tissues, and eventual elimination through excretion or biotransformation.
Two pivotal parameters are the minimum effective concentration (MEC) and the minimum toxic concentration (MTC). The MEC is the lowest drug...
Dosage Regimen: Multiple Oral Dosage01:25

Dosage Regimen: Multiple Oral Dosage

Understanding how a drug's concentration fluctuates within the body over time is crucial in pharmacokinetics, particularly with multiple oral doses. A graphical representation of multiple oral dosages provides insight into these dynamics. Typical accumulation curves of a drug's concentration in the body reveal a sawtooth pattern, indicating periodic peaks and troughs correlating with each dose administration and the drug's subsequent elimination.The plasma concentration at any time during an...