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Neurocysticercosis presenting as sudden death
J A Llompart Pou1, A Gené, J I Ayestarán
1Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. ja_llompart@hotmail.com
Acta Neurochirurgica
|April 12, 2005
Summary
Neurocysticercosis, caused by pork tapeworm larvae, can lead to sudden death. This case highlights the importance of considering tapeworm cysts in the brain for unexplained fatalities, especially with increased global travel.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Infectious Diseases
- Parasitology
Background:
- Neurocysticercosis is a significant public health concern, particularly in endemic regions.
- It is the most common parasitic infection of the central nervous system and a frequent cause of epilepsy.
- Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis is increasingly recognized globally due to human migration and travel.
Observation:
- An acute case of a Peruvian woman presenting with severe headache (cephalalgia) rapidly progressing to sudden, unexpected death.
- Brain imaging revealed hydrocephalus and intraventricular calcifications.
- Autopsy and histopathological examination identified intraventricular *Taenia solium* cysts.
Findings:
- The intraventricular *Taenia solium* cysts obstructed cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow, leading to secondary hydrocephalus.
- This obstruction was the direct cause of the patient's fatal neurological deterioration.
- The case underscores the potential for neurocysticercosis to manifest as a rapidly fatal neurological event.
Implications:
- Neurocysticercosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of sudden, unexplained deaths, particularly in individuals with a history of travel or from endemic areas.
- Public health awareness and diagnostic vigilance are crucial for managing this preventable parasitic disease.
- Early recognition and treatment of neurocysticercosis can prevent severe neurological complications and mortality.
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