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Prevalence of serotypes of Xanthomonas maltophilia from world-wide sources
B Schable1, D L Rhoden, W R Jarvis
1Hospital Infections Program, Centers for Disease Control, USDHHS, Atlanta, Georgia 30333.
Abstract:
Since its development in 1988, a serologic typing scheme for Xanthomonas maltophilia, based on 31 O antigens, has been successfully used to serotype isolates involved in nosocomial outbreaks in the United States. To determine if this serotyping scheme would be useful in typing X. maltophilia isolates from world-wide sources, we obtained additional isolates from 10 countries; of 900 isolates tested, 795 (88.3%) were typable. In order of predominance, the three most common serotypes were 10, 3 and 19. These three serotypes were most frequently associated with respiratory and blood isolates. This serotyping system is useful as an epidemiologic screening method for universal typing of outbreaks of X. maltophilia infections.
Insights
A new serotyping scheme for Xanthomonas maltophilia effectively identifies strains worldwide. This method is valuable for tracking infections and understanding outbreaks of this opportunistic pathogen.
Area of Science:
- Clinical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Bacterial Pathogenesis
Background:
- Xanthomonas maltophilia (now frequently referred to as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) is an opportunistic pathogen causing significant nosocomial infections.
- A serologic typing scheme based on 31 O antigens was developed in 1988 for X. maltophilia in the United States.
- This scheme has been instrumental in identifying strains linked to hospital-acquired infections.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the global applicability of the existing X. maltophilia serotyping scheme.
- To determine the typability of X. maltophilia isolates from diverse international sources.
- To identify prevalent serotypes and their association with clinical manifestations.
Main Methods:
- Collection of X. maltophilia isolates from 10 countries worldwide.
- Application of the established 31 O-antigen-based serologic typing scheme.
- Analysis of typability rates and serotype distribution.
- Correlation of predominant serotypes with clinical sources (e.g., respiratory, blood).
Main Results:
- Out of 900 tested isolates, 795 (88.3%) were successfully serotyped, demonstrating broad applicability.
- Serotypes 10, 3, and 19 were the most predominant globally.
- These common serotypes were significantly associated with respiratory tract and bloodstream infections.
- The serotyping system proved effective for epidemiological screening of X. maltophilia.
Conclusions:
- The 31 O-antigen serotyping scheme for X. maltophilia is a valuable tool for global epidemiological surveillance.
- The system's high typability rate supports its use in identifying X. maltophilia outbreaks worldwide.
- Understanding the distribution of prevalent serotypes aids in infection control and outbreak investigation.