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Third-harmonic generation from single gold nanoparticles.

Markus Lippitz1, Meindert A van Dijk, Michel Orrit

  • 1MoNOS, Huygens Laboratory, Universiteit Leiden, P.O. Box 9504, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.

Nano Letters
|April 14, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Researchers observed third-harmonic signals from gold nanoparticles as small as 40 nm. This plasmon resonance phenomenon could enable single-biomolecule tracking in microscopy with smaller gold labels.

Area of Science:

  • Nanophotonics
  • Plasmonics
  • Nonlinear Optics

Background:

  • Gold nanoparticles exhibit unique optical properties due to surface plasmon resonance.
  • Nonlinear optical phenomena in nanomaterials are crucial for advanced optical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate third-harmonic generation (THG) from individual gold colloids.
  • To determine the feasibility of using THG from gold nanoparticles for microscopy applications.

Main Methods:

  • Excitation of gold colloids (down to 40 nm diameter) using 1-picosecond pulses at 1500 nm.
  • Detection and analysis of generated third-harmonic signals at 500 nm.

Main Results:

  • First observation of THG signals from individual gold colloids as small as 40 nm.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Third-harmonic intensity was found to scale with the square of the colloid surface area.
  • THG signals from 15 nm gold labels are predicted to be detectable with 100-femtosecond pulses.

    • Conclusions:

    • Individual gold colloids exhibit measurable third-harmonic generation.
    • The THG phenomenon in gold nanoparticles shows potential for high-resolution microscopy.
    • Future work with shorter pulses could enable single-biomolecule tracking using gold labels.