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Related Experiment Videos

Astigmatism in monkeys with experimentally induced myopia or hyperopia.

Chea-Su Kee1, Li-Fang Hung, Ying Qiao-Grider

  • 1College of Optometry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-2020, USA. ckee@mail.uh.edu

Optometry and Vision Science : Official Publication of the American Academy of Optometry
|April 15, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Altered visual experiences in infant monkeys led to significant astigmatism, primarily corneal and oblique. This induced astigmatism was reversible, suggesting a link between vision-dependent eye growth and human astigmatism.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Astigmatism is the most common human refractive error, often linked to spherical refractive errors.
  • The etiology of astigmatism and its association with spherical errors remain poorly understood.
  • Infant monkeys provide a model to study refractive error development due to altered visual input.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the frequency and characteristics of astigmatism in infant monkeys with experimentally induced axial ametropias.
  • To explore the relationship between altered early visual experience and the development of astigmatism.
  • To determine if induced astigmatism in monkeys resembles human astigmatic errors.

Main Methods:

  • 112 rhesus monkeys underwent various lens-rearing regimens to alter emmetropization (e.g., form deprivation, imposed defocus).

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  • Control groups included normal infants and those with optically imposed astigmatism.
  • Refractive development was monitored using retinoscopy, keratometry, and A-scan ultrasonography.

    • Main Results:

    • Experimentally induced axial ametropias in monkeys frequently resulted in significant astigmatism (1.24 D vs. 0.37 D in controls).
    • Astigmatism was of corneal origin, with oblique and bilaterally symmetric axes, particularly in eyes with hyperopic shifts.
    • The induced astigmatism was largely reversible, with substantial reductions observed near the end of the treatment period.

    Conclusions:

    • Visual conditions affecting axial eye growth in infant monkeys can alter corneal shape.
    • The observed astigmatic errors in monkeys share similarities with some human astigmatism.
    • Vision-dependent changes in eye growth may play a role in the development of astigmatism in humans.