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Predicting patterns of adolescent alcohol use: a longitudinal study.

Thomas G Power1, Cynthia D Stewart, Sheryl O Hughes

  • 1Department of Human Development, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164-6236, USA. tompower@wsu.edu

Journal of Studies on Alcohol
|April 16, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Adolescent drinking patterns evolve over high school, moving from abstaining to problem drinking. Predictors like parental attitudes, peer behavior, and emotional distress influence these changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Adolescent health
  • Developmental psychology
  • Substance use research

Background:

  • Limited understanding of how adolescent alcohol consumption patterns change throughout high school.
  • Previous research primarily focused on frequency and quantity, neglecting developmental trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To map changes in adolescent drinking patterns over the high school years.
  • To identify individual, family, social, and community predictors of these drinking pattern changes.

Main Methods:

  • Longitudinal study of 1,253 high school students (grades 9-12) over two years.
  • Data collected via questionnaires every six months.
  • Analysis included cluster analysis and examination of predictors for drinking pattern transitions.

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Main Results:

  • Identified six drinking groups: problem, high-risk (date/outdoor), and normative (light/family/moderate/party).
  • Established a progression: abstainer → normative → high-risk → problem drinker.
  • Paternal attitudes and peer antisocial behavior predicted normative drinking; peer social activity predicted high-risk drinking; emotional distress predicted problem drinking.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support a multistage social learning model of adolescent alcohol use.
  • Predictors of alcohol involvement differ significantly across developmental stages of drinking.