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Related Experiment Videos

Lingual frenulum: classification and speech interference.

Irene Queiroz Marchesan1

  • 1CEFAC--Specialization Center in SLP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Irene@cefac.br

The International Journal of Orofacial Myology : Official Publication of the International Association of Orofacial Myology
|April 19, 2005
PubMed
Summary

An altered lingual frenulum, classified as short or anteriorly inserted, is significantly linked to speech disorders like /r/ and /s/ sound errors. This study proposes a classification for lingual frenulum variations and their speech implications.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Speech-Language Pathology
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The lingual frenulum's morphology can influence oral motor function.
  • Speech impediments are common and can stem from various anatomical factors.
  • Understanding the relationship between lingual frenulum variations and speech is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a classification system for lingual frenulum variations.
  • To investigate the correlation between specific lingual frenulum types and speech disorders.
  • To provide a framework for identifying potential speech issues related to frenulum anatomy.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 1402 patients (aged 5 years 8 months to 62 years 10 months) between 1978 and 2002.

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  • Classified lingual frenulum as normal, short, anterior insertion, or short with anterior insertion.
  • Assessed maximal mouth opening and collected speech samples, analyzing for specific phonetic errors.

    • Main Results:

    • 9% of patients (127/1402) had altered lingual frenulum insertions (short or anterior).
    • 48.81% of those with altered frenula (62/127) exhibited speech disorders.
    • Significant association found between altered lingual frenulum and speech disorders (p<0.001), particularly with /r/ and /s/ sounds and lisps.

    Conclusions:

    • A classification of normal, short, and anteriorly inserted lingual frenulum is proposed.
    • Altered lingual frenulum anatomy is a significant predisposing factor for speech disorders.
    • Further research can refine understanding and treatment of frenulum-related speech impediments.