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Related Experiment Videos

Horizontal and vertical Simon effect: different underlying mechanisms?

Antonino Vallesi1, Daniela Mapelli, Sami Schiff

  • 1Neuroscience Programme, SISSA-ISAS, Trieste, Italy.

Cognition
|April 19, 2005
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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The Simon effect, where reaction times are faster with same-location stimuli, differs between horizontal and vertical tasks. Horizontal tasks show a decaying Simon effect, while vertical tasks do not, suggesting different underlying cognitive mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human Factors

Background:

  • The Simon effect demonstrates faster reaction times when stimulus and response locations correspond, even if irrelevant.
  • This effect is observed in both horizontal and vertical stimulus-response configurations.
  • Previous research suggested shared underlying mechanisms for both configurations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the temporal dynamics and neural underpinnings of the Simon effect in horizontal versus vertical tasks.
  • To investigate whether distinct mechanisms underlie the Simon effect depending on spatial arrangement.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized reaction time (RT) time-course analysis to track the Simon effect's evolution.
  • Employed lateralised readiness potential (LRP) to assess covert response-preparation processes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Compared horizontal and vertical Simon tasks.

    • Main Results:

    • In the horizontal Simon task, the effect diminished over time, with early motor cortex activation ipsilateral to the stimulus.
    • The vertical Simon task exhibited no decay in the Simon effect over time.
    • No early incorrect LRP deflection was observed in the vertical task.

    Conclusions:

    • Typical activation accounts adequately explain the horizontal Simon effect.
    • A translation-based explanation appears more suitable for the vertical Simon effect.
    • Spatial stimulus-response arrangements influence the cognitive and neural mechanisms of the Simon effect.