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Updated: Aug 18, 2026

Measuring the Structure, Composition, and Change of Underwater Environments with Large-area Imaging
Published on: April 18, 2025
Network images of drainage channels in sea spray icing by MR microscopy
Toshihiro Ozeki1, Katsumi Kose, Tomoyuki Haishi
1Hokkaido University of Education, Iwamizawa 068-8642, Japan. oze@iwa.hokkyodai.ac.jp
Abstract:
An MR imaging system was developed to visualize brine drainage channels in sea spray icing. Brine pockets trapped in spray-ice matrices during ice growth are structural features of sea spray icing. Brine in the spray ice sample had drained out; therefore, using a suction pump, we filled the air gaps in the drainage channels with dodecane. In the experiments, 0.5-1.0 h was necessary to accumulate signals sufficient to obtain a 3-D micro-image; the image matrix comprised 128(3) voxels (each voxel was 200 microm per side). The MIP view showed that sea spray icing has a developed drainage-channel network structure.
