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Human enterovirus isolates from an outbreak typed using heteroduplex mobility analysis.

Leighton E Clancy1, Maria E Craig, Peter A White

  • 1Virology Division, Department of Microbiology, SEALS, The Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Journal of Medical Virology
|April 19, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Heteroduplex mobility analysis (HMA) accurately identified enterovirus 71 strains from a Sydney outbreak. This method distinguished identical and variant isolates, aiding epidemiological studies of enterovirus infections.

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Epidemiology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Enterovirus genotyping and serotyping are crucial for understanding disease outbreaks, predicting patient outcomes, and guiding treatment strategies.
  • Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a significant cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease and can lead to severe neurological complications like meningoencephalitis in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the utility of heteroduplex mobility analysis (HMA) for genotyping clinical isolates of enterovirus 71.
  • To identify and characterize genetic variations among EV71 strains during a childhood meningoencephalitis outbreak in Sydney, Australia.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical isolates of EV71 were analyzed using heteroduplex mobility analysis (HMA).
  • Products from reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification of the 5' untranslated region were used for HMA.

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  • Sequencing was employed to confirm variations identified by HMA.

    • Main Results:

    • Five out of six EV71 isolates showed identical heteroduplex patterns and 5' untranslated region nucleotide sequences.
    • The sixth isolate displayed minor differences in heteroduplex patterns, confirmed by sequencing to have a 1% nucleotide variation.
    • The use of multiple reference strains enhanced the confidence in isolate identification and revealed strain variability.

    Conclusions:

    • Heteroduplex mobility analysis (HMA) is a reliable method for accurately distinguishing between identical and variant enterovirus isolates.
    • HMA, combined with sequencing, provides a robust approach for epidemiological surveillance of enterovirus infections, including those causing severe diseases like meningoencephalitis.
    • This technique aids in identifying strain variations crucial for understanding transmission dynamics and disease pathogenesis.