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Preconceptions in the nurse-client relationship.

C Forchuk1

  • 1Hamilton Psychiatric Hospital, and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing
|January 1, 1994
PubMed
Summary
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This study explored nurse and chronic psychiatric client preconceptions. Positive views were found, influencing relationship quality and duration, and remained stable over six months.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatric Nursing
  • Mental Health Care
  • Therapeutic Relationships

Background:

  • Hildegard Peplau (1952) emphasized preconceptions in therapeutic nurse-client relationships.
  • Little research exists on mutual nurse-client preconceptions, especially in chronic mental illness.
  • Public stereotypes for nurses and chronic psychiatric clients are often negative.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the preconceptions held by nurses and chronic psychiatric clients about each other.
  • To determine if these preconceptions influence the therapeutic nurse-client relationship.
  • To examine the stability of these preconceptions over time.

Main Methods:

  • Non-probability, purposive sampling of 20 newly formed nurse-client dyads in Canadian mental health programs.

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  • Qualitative descriptions of each other were collected.
  • Semantic differentials were developed and administered to 124 nurse-client dyads.

    • Main Results:

    • Clients generally held positive views of their nurses.
    • Nurses and clients expressed generally positive views, contradicting public stereotypes.
    • Preconceptions positively correlated with relationship quality (task, bond, goals) and orientation phase duration.
    • Preconceptions remained largely unchanged over the first six months.

    Conclusions:

    • Mutual preconceptions significantly shape the early therapeutic nurse-client relationship.
    • Positive mutual views can mitigate negative public stereotypes.
    • Preconceptions are stable early in the relationship, impacting its development.