[Second cancers in hematologic malignancies (epidemiologic observations from a 20-year period)]

The incidence of malignant tumours have increased steadily worldwide. Prior reports indicate that patients with some hematologic malignancies (for example chronic lymphocytic leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma) may be at increased risk of second neoplasms.

The aim of the authors was to explore the possible association between hematologic malignancies and subsequent solid tumours.

Between January 1, 1983 and December 31, 2002, in the county of Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg 151 cases with both malignant hematologic diseases and cancers were registered by the authors. In their 60 patients (50 with lymphoid and 10 with myeloid malignancies) the first tumour was the hematologic malignancy. Among these cases the number of second cancers was 64.

The most common kind of second tumours was lung cancer. There was a significant connection between lymphoid malignancies and second cancers as compared to myeloid malignancies and subsequent cancers (p < 0.05).

Analysing the epidemiologic data the authors established the following conclusions: the association of second cancers with hematologic malignancies in most of the cases is not accidental. The age of patients with second cancers seemed to be not too important, but it was of crucial importance in patients with Hodgkin's disease and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The role of immunodeficiency in the development of second cancers may be important in patients with Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (the number of second cancers in their patients with multiple myeloma and hairy cell leukemia was too small do draw a conclusion).