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Neuroendocrine basis of human disease
1The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Guillemin@salk.edu
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
|April 20, 2005
Summary
Neuropeptides, initially known for neuroendocrine diseases, are now recognized in various conditions like arthritis and depression. Their widespread distribution and actions impact both internal medicine and psychiatry.
Area of Science:
- Neuroendocrinology
- Molecular Psychiatry
- Immunology
Background:
- Reviews traditional neuroendocrine diseases like diabetes insipidus and Kallman syndrome.
- Highlights the expanded role of hypothalamic peptides and their receptors.
- Introduces the concept of neuropeptides in broader disease contexts.
Observation:
- Neuropeptides and their receptors are implicated in diverse conditions.
- Examples include rheumatoid arthritis, inflammation, carcinoids, anxiety, and depression.
- These molecules are not limited to the central nervous system.
Findings:
- Neuropeptide systems are widely distributed in the brain and periphery.
- Evidence supports paracrine and autocrine signaling by neuropeptides.
- The scope of neuropeptide involvement in disease is significantly underestimated.
Implications:
- Suggests novel therapeutic targets for a range of diseases.
- Underscores the interconnectedness of neuroendocrine, immune, and psychiatric systems.
- Calls for a re-evaluation of neuropeptide functions in health and disease.