Intestinal transplantation: the evaluation process

After 4 decades of development, the American Gastroenterological Association in a medical position statement recently declared intestinal transplantation to be an acceptable therapy for patients suffering from intestinal failure. Improvements in surgical technique, immunosuppression, and treatment of rejection and infection have contributed to this advancement. Early referral and candidate selection have also been cited as key components to a successful transplantation. The evaluation period, including the referral process, is the cornerstone for this success. The purpose of this article is to present a detailed definition and analysis of the evaluation process. Criteria for listing with the United Network for Organ Sharing will also be discussed.