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Stroke at moderate altitude.

S K Mahajan1, R Kashyap, B R Sood

  • 1Department of Medicine, IG Medical College, Shimla HP India.

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|April 21, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Stroke incidence may be lower at moderate altitudes, with cerebral infarction being common. Hypertension and smoking are key risk factors, while polycythemia is not significant at this altitude.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Altitude Medicine
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Stroke is a significant health concern globally.
  • Altitude can influence physiological parameters, potentially affecting stroke risk.
  • Limited research exists on stroke profiles at moderate altitudes in India.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the clinical characteristics of stroke patients at moderate altitude (2200 meters MSL).
  • To identify prevalent stroke risk factors, including hypertension and polycythemia, in this population.
  • To explore the relationship between these risk factors and stroke incidence at altitude.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 100 consecutively admitted stroke patients at a moderate altitude hospital in the Sub-Himalayan region.

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  • Assessment of demographic data, clinical features, and risk factors (hypertension, smoking, polycythemia).
  • Comparison with existing literature from low-altitude and Western studies.
  • Main Results:

    • Cerebral infarction (69%) was the most common stroke type, followed by primary intracerebral hemorrhage (26%).
    • Hypertension (62%) and smoking (60%) were the most prevalent risk factors.
    • Polycythemia was not found to be a significant risk factor at this altitude.

    Conclusions:

    • Stroke incidence at moderate altitude may be lower compared to low-altitude studies.
    • The interplay of decreased hypertension and increased hematocrit was not evident.
    • Smoking prevalence was higher than in other studies, with other risk factors aligning with low-altitude findings.