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Updated: Aug 18, 2026

Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
Published on: June 23, 2019
Interstitial lung disease and xerostomia as initial manifestations in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus
Seng Eng Ooi1, Chang Youh Tsai, Chung Tei Chou
1Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
Abstract:
A 56-year-old human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected man presented with progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD) and lymphocyte infiltration of the salivary glands which mimicked autoimmune disease. Pneumonia, which was very likely caused by Pneumocystis carinii, developed after 3 courses of monthly methylprednisolone pulse therapy for ILD. Both enzyme immunoassay and Western blot analysis confirmed the HIV infection. After antibiotic treatment, the pneumonia gradually resolved. Autoimmune manifestations such as ILD and xerostomia may be initial presentations of HIV infection. Immunosuppressive drugs must be used cautiously in these patients. Screening for HIV is mandatory in the differential diagnosis of patients with ILD or xerostomia.
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