Optimized RF excitation for anatomical brain imaging of the occipital lobe using the 3D MDEFT sequence and a surface...

An RF excitation scheme is presented for anatomical imaging of occipital brain areas at 3T using the 3D modified driven equilibrium Fourier transform (MDEFT) sequence and a transmit-receive surface coil. Surface coils operated in the transmit mode usually display a high B(1) inhomogeneity. This causes variations of the flip angle and impairs fat saturation, resulting in blurring, signal losses, and artifacts due to high scalp intensities. A composite binomial pulse with one spectral component for water selective excitation and one spatial component for B(1) inhomogeneity compensation is presented. It is shown experimentally that the pulse prevents image blurring and reduces the scalp signal considerably. The total pulse duration of only 2.4 ms is compatible with the relatively short repetition times (TRs) required for MDEFT imaging. The method is particularly useful for certain applications in neuroimaging that require technical equipment that is too large for standard coils or should not be exposed to RF fields.