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Related Experiment Videos

Actinomyces viscosus endocarditis requiring aortic valve replacement.

Kathleen G Julian1, Lindsay de Flesco, Loren E Clarke

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, BMR Bldg, Room C6833, Mailcode H036, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. kjulian@psu.edu

The Journal of Infection
|April 23, 2005
PubMed
Summary

A rare case of Actinomyces viscosus endocarditis was diagnosed in a farmer after initial misidentification of blood cultures. This unusual actinomycosis manifestation highlights diagnostic challenges in endocarditis.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Actinomycosis is a rare bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces species.
  • Endocarditis, an infection of the heart valves, can have various etiologies.
  • Primary endocarditis due to Actinomyces viscosus is exceptionally uncommon.

Observation:

  • A 43-year-old farmer presented with a prolonged, low-grade febrile illness.
  • Initial blood cultures were misidentified, delaying the diagnosis of the causative agent.
  • The patient underwent aortic valve and root replacement surgery.

Findings:

  • Histological examination of the explanted valve revealed characteristic branching filamentous organisms.
  • Retrospective analysis confirmed the original blood isolates as Actinomyces viscosus.

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  • This confirmed a rare case of primary Actinomyces viscosus endocarditis.

    • Implications:

    • Highlights the importance of considering rare pathogens in endocarditis, especially with atypical presentations.
    • Emphasizes the need for careful microbiological identification and potential for retrospective confirmation.
    • Underscores the diagnostic challenges associated with unusual manifestations of actinomycosis.