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Tuberculous otomastoiditis.

S Mjøen¹, A Grøntved, V Holth

¹Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ullevål Hospital, University of Oslo, Norway.

ORL; Journal for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology and Its Related Specialties

|January 1, 1992

Summary

Tuberculous otitis media (TOM) cases increased significantly in the late 20th century, predominantly in African populations. This review highlights diagnostic challenges and differing epidemiology in non-African populations.

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Area of Science:

Otolaryngology
Infectious Diseases
Public Health

Background:

Tuberculous otitis media (TOM) is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Literature review identified 320 cases of TOM/otomastoiditis in the 20th century.

Observation:

A notable increase in reported TOM cases (93) occurred between 1986-1990.
83% of these recent cases originated from indigenous African populations.
Three cases from indigenous Norwegian populations highlight differing epidemiology and diagnostic delays.

Findings:

The resurgence of TOM, particularly in Africa, presents international health concerns.
Non-African cases demonstrate a different epidemiological profile, leading to delayed diagnosis.
Classical signs of TOM are often absent, complicating early detection.

Implications:

Increased global surveillance for TOM is crucial, especially in high-prevalence areas.
Awareness among clinicians is vital to reduce diagnostic delays in non-endemic regions.
Understanding diverse epidemiological patterns is key to effective public health strategies for tuberculosis control.

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