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Hormone replacement therapy and cataract: a population-based case-control study.

F O Aina1, L Smeeth, R Hubbard

  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, UK.

Eye (London, England)
|April 23, 2005
PubMed
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Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may reduce cataract risk. Both estrogen-only and combined estrogen-progestogen HRT showed a small protective effect in women aged 45 and over.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Laboratory studies suggested hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may prevent cataracts.
  • Human epidemiological studies on HRT and cataract risk have yielded inconclusive results.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and the risk of developing cataract.
  • To clarify the epidemiological evidence regarding HRT's protective effects against cataract formation.

Main Methods:

  • Population-based case-control study utilizing the UK's General Practice Research Database.
  • Involved 10,000 women aged 45+ with diagnosed cataract and 10,000 matched controls.
  • Matching criteria included age, general practice, and calendar period.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Results:

  • Ever-use of estrogen-only HRT was associated with a reduced cataract risk (adjusted OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.71-0.94).
  • Ever-use of estrogen-progestogen HRT also showed a reduced risk (adjusted OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.72-1.02).
  • Adjusting for consultation rates significantly impacted the observed odds ratios.

Conclusions:

  • Both estrogen-only and estrogen-progestogen hormone replacement therapies are linked to a modest decrease in cataract risk.
  • This study contributes to the evidence base on HRT's health impacts.
  • Clinical decisions regarding HRT should weigh all potential benefits against risks.