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Nutritional supplementation for stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

I M Ferreira1, D Brooks, Y Lacasse

  • 1St Catherines, Ontario, 76 Roehampton Avenue, Canada, L2M 7W5. ivoneferreira@hotmail.com

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|April 23, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Nutritional supplementation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients did not significantly improve lung function or exercise capacity. This review found no substantial benefits from caloric support in stable COPD individuals.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Nutritional Science
  • Clinical Trials

Background:

  • Low body weight in COPD patients correlates with worse pulmonary status, reduced exercise capacity, and higher mortality.
  • Nutritional support is considered a potential intervention for improving outcomes in COPD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on nutritional supplementation in stable COPD.
  • To assess the impact of caloric supplementation (≥2 weeks) on anthropometric measures, pulmonary function, respiratory muscle strength, and exercise capacity.

Main Methods:

  • Searched Cochrane Airways Group register, meeting abstracts, and expert consultations for RCTs up to March 2004.
  • Two independent reviewers selected trials, assessed quality, and extracted data.

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  • Calculated effect sizes and pooled them using a random-effects model, testing for homogeneity.

    • Main Results:

    • Eleven studies with 352 participants were included; 8 were high-quality, 2 double-blinded.
    • Nutritional support showed small effects across all outcomes, with confidence intervals including zero.
    • The impact of nutritional support was consistent across studies.

    Conclusions:

    • Nutritional support demonstrated no significant improvement in anthropometric measures for COPD patients.
    • Caloric supplementation did not lead to significant changes in lung function or exercise capacity in stable COPD.
    • The findings suggest nutritional support is not effective for improving key outcomes in stable COPD.