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Weil's syndrome.

Vitorino Modesto dos Santos1, Jenner Aruda Modesto dos Santos, Taciana Arruda Modesto Sugai

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Triângulo Mineiro Medical School, Uberaba-MG, Brazil. parasito_fmtm@mednet.com.br

Revista Cubana De Medicina Tropical
|April 27, 2005
PubMed
Summary

A severe case of Weil's syndrome (leptospirosis) presented with jaundice, renal failure, and meningitis. Antibody testing confirmed L. grippotyphosa infection, leading to successful treatment with antibiotics and supportive care.

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease, can manifest with severe complications like Weil's syndrome.
  • Weil's syndrome is characterized by jaundice, hemorrhage, and acute kidney injury.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for favorable outcomes.

Observation:

  • An 18-year-old male presented with symptoms of Weil's syndrome, including jaundice, acute renal failure, ecchymoses, conjunctival suffusion, and meningitis.
  • Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Leptospira was negative.
  • Antibody microagglutination test (MAT) showed a significant rise in titers against Leptospira grippotyphosa (up to 1:1,600).

Findings:

  • The diagnostic challenge presented by a negative PCR despite clinical suspicion of leptospirosis.

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  • The utility of serological tests, specifically MAT, in confirming Leptospira infection when PCR is negative.
  • Successful management of severe leptospirosis with supportive care and delayed antibiotic administration.

    • Implications:

    • Highlights the importance of considering serological testing in suspected leptospirosis cases, especially with negative PCR results.
    • Demonstrates that even with delayed antibiotic treatment (6 days), recovery from Weil's syndrome is possible with appropriate supportive care.
    • Emphasizes the critical role of managing acute renal failure in leptospirosis patients.