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Model analysis for nitrogen effluent from upland field constructed with under-drain.

E Shiratani1, I Yoshinaga, R K Singh

  • 1National Institute for Rural Engineering, Tsukuba Science City 305-8609, Japan. arike@nkk.affrc.go.jp

Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
|April 27, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Heavy rainfall after fertilization significantly increases nitrogen (N) effluent from barley fields. Split fertilizer application is ineffective for reducing N losses, especially in winter crops.

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Science
  • Environmental Science
  • Soil Science

Background:

  • Nitrogen (N) effluent from agricultural fields is a significant environmental concern.
  • Understanding N loss mechanisms is crucial for sustainable agriculture and water quality protection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a mathematical model for estimating nitrogen effluent from barley fields with under-drainage.
  • To analyze the impact of rainfall patterns on nitrogen effluent loads.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a combined water drainage and nitrogen (N) cycle model.
  • The water drainage model incorporates Sugawara's tank model with soil heterogeneity (permeable, impermeable, macropore).
  • The N cycle model simulates key N reactions (nitrification, denitrification, mineralization, immobilization, urea hydrolysis) and transport.

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Main Results:

  • Heavy rainfall events, particularly around 60 days post-fertilization, substantially increase N effluent.
  • Split application of fertilizer does not effectively reduce N effluents, especially for winter crops.
  • High N effluent is linked to rainfall occurring predominantly in the latter half of the cultivation period.

Conclusions:

  • Under-drainage systems can lead to significant nitrogen losses, influenced by rainfall timing and intensity.
  • Fertilizer management strategies, such as split application, may not be optimal for minimizing N effluent in certain cropping systems.
  • Model simulations highlight the critical role of rainfall patterns in determining nitrogen loss from cultivated fields.