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Related Experiment Videos

Persistent pollutants urban rivers sediment survey: implications for pollution control.

C Wilson1, R Clarke, B J D'Arcy

  • 1Scottish Environment Protection Agency, 7 Whitefriars Crescent, Perth, PH2 OPA, UK.

Water Science and Technology : a Journal of the International Association on Water Pollution Research
|April 27, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Urban pollution significantly contaminates streams and SUDS ponds with hydrocarbons and toxic metals like lead and chromium. Controlling diffuse urban pollution requires reducing toxic inputs, improving handling, public engagement, and using sustainable drainage systems (SUDS).

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Urban Hydrology
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Diffuse urban pollution poses a significant threat to watercourses.
  • Urban streams and Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS) ponds can accumulate persistent pollutants.
  • Understanding the sources and types of urban contaminants is crucial for effective management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the impacts of diffuse urban pollution on watercourses.
  • To survey persistent pollutants in sediments of urban streams and SUDS ponds in Scotland.
  • To identify major pollutant types and their sources within urban catchments.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted a survey of nine urban streams and associated SUDS ponds in Scotland.
  • Analyzed stream and pond sediments for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), total hydrocarbons, and toxic metals (As, Zn, Ni, Pb, Cu, Cr, Cd).

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  • Assessed sediment contamination levels against established quality standards.

    • Main Results:

    • Hydrocarbons were identified as a major urban pollutant.
    • Significant sediment contamination by toxic metals was observed, frequently exceeding sediment quality standards for Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn, and Cu.
    • PAH contamination patterns suggested ubiquitous pyrolytic sources, with oil spills being less prevalent, except downstream of industrial estates.

    Conclusions:

    • Diffuse urban pollution, particularly from hydrocarbons and toxic metals, severely impacts watercourses.
    • Effective control requires a multi-faceted approach including industrial pollutant reduction, improved chemical handling, public awareness campaigns, and wider adoption of SUDS.
    • SUDS technology, including retrofitting, is vital for mitigating pollution in affected urban areas.