Dendritic cells in atherosclerosis: current status of the problem and clinical relevance

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells. DCs were identified in arteries in 1995 and, since then, further knowledge has been gained indicating the importance of DCs in atherosclerosis. Vascular DCs have been shown to become activated from a very early stage of atherosclerosis. Some DCs cluster with T cells directly within atherosclerotic lesions, while others migrate to lymphoid organs to activate T cells. Dyslipidaemia systemically alters DC function and recent findings suggest that DCs play a role in plaque destabilization. This review summarizes the current status of the problem.