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Development and Maintenance of a Preclinical Patient Derived Tumor Xenograft Model for the Investigation of Novel Anti-Cancer Therapies
Published on: September 30, 2016
Targeted therapies in the treatment of colorectal cancers
1Medical Oncology/Hematology Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612-9797, USA.
Background:
In solid organ malignancies, no tumor type has seen a greater impact from the development of novel targeted therapies in 2004 than metastatic colorectal cancer.
Methods:
We review the current progress to date with the use of monoclonal antibodies in colorectal cancer and look at newer therapies under investigation.
Results:
Two monoclonal antibodies received Food and Drug Administration approval in early 2004, both for the indication of advanced, metastatic colorectal cancer. A large, randomized, placebo-controlled study demonstrated that the addition of a monoclonal antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor, bevacizumab, led to a statistically significant improvement in overall survival, with tolerable additional toxicity. Chimeric monoclonal antibody therapy directed at the epidermal growth factor receptor was associated with radiographic responses in a significant minority of patients with irinotecan-refractory colon cancer in a randomized phase II study of patients with irinotecan-refractory disease.
Conclusions:
These dramatic successes have led to further clinical studies of targeted therapy in colorectal cancer, making it one of the most promising areas of cancer research.
Insights
Targeted therapies, including monoclonal antibodies, have significantly advanced metastatic colorectal cancer treatment. Bevacizumab improved survival, and EGFR-targeted therapies showed promise in refractory cases.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Medical Therapeutics
Background:
- Metastatic colorectal cancer treatment has been revolutionized by novel targeted therapies.
- 2004 marked a significant turning point with new drug approvals.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the progress of monoclonal antibodies in colorectal cancer.
- To examine emerging targeted therapies under investigation.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current monoclonal antibody therapies.
- Analysis of ongoing clinical investigations for novel treatments.
Main Results:
- Two monoclonal antibodies were FDA-approved in 2004 for metastatic colorectal cancer.
- Bevacizumab (anti-VEGF) significantly improved overall survival in a randomized trial.
- EGFR-targeted chimeric monoclonal antibodies demonstrated radiographic responses in irinotecan-refractory patients.
Conclusions:
- Targeted therapies, particularly monoclonal antibodies, represent a highly promising area in colorectal cancer research.
- Continued clinical studies are warranted to further optimize treatment strategies.
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