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Cornelia de-Lange syndrome.

D Gupta1, S Goyal

  • 1Department of Pedodontics, M. M. College of Dental Sciences and Research Mullana, Ambala, India.

Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry
|April 29, 2005
PubMed
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Cornelia De Lange syndrome is a rare genetic disorder affecting multiple congenital anomalies and intellectual disability. It presents with growth retardation, developmental delay, limb abnormalities, and distinctive facial features.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Developmental Biology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Cornelia De Lange syndrome (CdLS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by multiple congenital anomalies and intellectual disability.
  • The incidence of CdLS is estimated between 1:30,000 and 1:50,000 live births, with no known racial predilection.
  • It is often considered to result from a new dominant mutation, indicating a genetic basis.

Observation:

  • Key clinical manifestations include prenatal and postnatal growth retardation.
  • Developmental delay, intellectual disability, hirsutism, and structural limb abnormalities are commonly observed.
  • Distinctive facial features and discrepancies in facial growth are characteristic diagnostic indicators.

Findings:

  • The syndrome encompasses a spectrum of severity, impacting multiple organ systems.

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  • Common causes of mortality in affected individuals involve pneumonia and cardiac, respiratory, or gastrointestinal abnormalities.
  • While the exact etiology remains largely unknown, genetic factors are strongly implicated.
  • Implications:

    • Accurate diagnosis and understanding of CdLS etiology are crucial for genetic counseling and family planning.
    • Early identification of clinical features can facilitate timely intervention and management strategies.
    • Further research into the genetic underpinnings of CdLS may reveal potential therapeutic targets.