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Particulate air pollution and hospitalization for asthma.

R Y Tseng1, C K Li, J A Spinks

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Chinese University, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.

Annals of Allergy
|May 1, 1992
PubMed
Summary

Young children are vulnerable to air pollution. Increased total suspended particles (TSP) correlated with higher asthma hospitalizations in children aged 1-4 years, indicating a need for pollution control.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Asthma hospitalizations in Hong Kong showed increasing trends in children but not adults between 1983-1989.
  • Children under 14 accounted for 56% of all asthma-related hospital discharges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between air pollutant levels and age-specific asthma hospital discharge rates in Hong Kong.
  • To identify specific pollutants and age groups most affected by air pollution.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of age-specific quarterly asthma hospital discharge data (1983-1989).
  • Correlation with mean levels of six air pollutants: SO2, O3, TSP, RSP, NO2, and NOX.
  • Univariate analysis and stepwise multiple regression, controlling for seasonal and annual trends.

Main Results:

  • A strong positive correlation (r=0.62) was found between total suspended particles (TSP) and hospital discharge rates in 1-4 year olds (P<0.001).
  • An inverse relationship was observed between sulfur dioxide (SO2) levels and discharge rates in 5-14 year olds (r=-0.38, P<0.05).
  • Multiple regression confirmed TSP as a significant predictor of hospitalization in young children.

Conclusions:

  • Young children (1-4 years) are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of air pollution, specifically TSP.
  • The findings provide a basis for implementing pollution control strategies to reduce pediatric asthma hospitalizations.

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