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Horsfield's hawk-cuckoo nestlings simulate multiple gapes for begging.

Keita D Tanaka1, Keisuke Ueda

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brood parasitic nestlings that evict host young face reduced feeding. The Horsfield's hawk-cuckoo chick uses a unique wing patch visual signal to mimic multiple nestlings, ensuring adequate food from hosts.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Ornithology

Background:

  • Brood parasitic nestlings often evict host eggs and young to monopolize parental care.
  • This eviction strategy can lead to reduced provisioning rates for the lone parasite due to host discrimination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the visual signaling behavior of the Horsfield's hawk-cuckoo (Cuculus fugax) nestling.
  • To understand how evicting parasitic nestlings obtain sufficient food resources from host parents.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of Horsfield's hawk-cuckoo nestlings within host nests.
  • Analysis of visual signaling displays during host provisioning events.

Main Results:

  • Evicting Horsfield's hawk-cuckoo nestlings exhibit a specific visual signal involving a gape-colored wing patch.
  • This display is presented to host parents during food delivery.
  • The wing patch display simulates the visual cue of multiple nestlings, potentially deceiving hosts.

Conclusions:

  • The Horsfield's hawk-cuckoo chick employs a novel visual deception strategy to overcome reduced provisioning after eviction.
  • This signaling behavior enhances the chick's food intake, increasing its survival chances.