High-birefringence fiber loop mirrors and their applications as sensors

The reflection and transmission characteristics of a high-birefringence fiber loop mirror (HiBi-FLM), which is composed of a standard fiber coupler and one-section or multisection high-birefringence fibers (HBFs), are analyzed and discussed in detail. Theoretical reflectivity and transmissivity expressions for HiBi-FLMs with one-, two-, and three-section HBFs were obtained. The procedure for calculating reflectivity and transmissivity for HiBi-FLMs with n-section HBFs is given. Experimental results have verified the theoretical model. The basic characteristics of the one-section HiBi-FLM when strain and high temperature are applied to HBFs were analyzed and investigated theoretically and experimentally. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis. Furthermore, a strain--temperature sensor that makes use of those characteristics, which is new for applications of HiBi-FLMs, has been proposed and demonstrated.