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Related Experiment Videos

Shoot branching.

Paula McSteen1, Ottoline Leyser

  • 1Department of Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA. pcm11@psu.edu

Annual Review of Plant Biology
|May 3, 2005
PubMed
Summary
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Plant shoots develop from phytomers, units produced by shoot apical meristems. Axillary meristem activity, regulated by genetics and environment, drives shoot diversity.

Area of Science:

  • Plant developmental biology
  • Plant architecture and evolution

Background:

  • Plant shoots are modular, composed of repeating units called phytomers.
  • Phytomers originate from shoot apical meristems and include a leaf, stem segment, and axillary shoot meristem.
  • The diversity in plant shoot architecture arises from the varied fate and activity of these axillary meristems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the regulatory mechanisms governing axillary meristem fate and activity.
  • To understand how genetic programs and environmental factors interact to shape shoot system architecture.
  • To identify common and divergent regulatory networks underlying axillary meristem diversity across species.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of hormonal and transcription factor regulatory networks.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Comparative studies of axillary meristem types within and between plant species.

    • Main Results:

    • Axillary meristem fate and activity are modulated by the interaction of genetic programs with environmental cues.
    • These interactions are channeled through interconnected hormonal and transcription factor regulatory networks.
    • A conserved basic program for axillary meristem function appears to have been modified to generate diverse meristem types.

    Conclusions:

    • The diversity in plant shoot architecture is largely determined by the regulation of axillary meristems.
    • Interacting hormonal and transcription factor networks integrate genetic and environmental signals to control meristem activity.
    • Evolutionary diversification of shoot architecture involves modifications of a common underlying developmental program.