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Related Experiment Videos

Fibroblast growth factor homologous factors: evolution, structure, and function.

Mitchell Goldfarb1

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of City University, New York, NY 10021, USA.

Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews
|May 3, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (FHFs) are structurally similar to fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) but function differently. FHFs interact with sodium channels and neuronal proteins, unlike FGFs, and FHF mutations cause neurological issues in mice and humans.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Fibroblast growth factor homologous factors (FHFs) share sequence and structural similarities with fibroblast growth factors (FGFs).
  • Despite structural resemblance, FHFs exhibit distinct biochemical and functional properties compared to FGFs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the sequences, structure, and function of FHFs.
  • To highlight the evolutionary adaptability of the FGF gene family.
  • To discuss the implications of FHF mutations in neurological disorders.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on FHF sequences, structure, and function.
  • Analysis of FHF interactions with voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and islet-brain-2 (IB2).
  • Examination of FHF gene mutations and associated neurological abnormalities in mouse models and humans.

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Main Results:

  • FHFs bind to intracellular domains of VGSCs and the IB2 protein, contrasting with FGFs' extracellular receptor binding.
  • FGF gene family demonstrates significant functional adaptability during evolution.
  • FHF gene mutations in mice lead to neurological abnormalities, including cerebellar ataxia, which is also linked to human FHF mutations.

Conclusions:

  • FHFs represent a functionally divergent subgroup within the FGF gene family.
  • FHFs play critical roles in neuronal function, as evidenced by the neurological consequences of their mutations.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the functions of FHFs.