Def1p is involved in telomere maintenance in budding yeast

Saccharomyces Rrm3p, a member of Pif1 5'-3' DNA helicase subfamily, helps replication forks traverse protein-DNA complexes, including the telomere. Here we have identified an Rrm3p interaction protein known to be Def1p. In def1 mutants, telomeres were approximately 200-bp shorter than that in wild-type cells. DEF1 is also required for the stable maintenance of mitochondrial DNA, and the telomere shortening phenotype seen in def1 cells is not a secondary consequence of the mitochondrion defect. A combination of DEF1 null mutation with deletion of EST2 or EST3 resulted in an accelerated senescence phenotype, suggesting that Def1p is not involved in the telomerase recruitment pathway. In the absence of telomerase, cells escape senescence by either amplifying Y' regions or TG-telomeric repeats to generate type I or type II survivors, respectively. Only type I survivors were recovered from both def1Delta est2Delta and def1Delta est3Delta double mutant cells, further suggesting that the function of Def1p in telomere maintenance is specific. Our novel findings of the functions of Def1p in telomere and mitochondria suggested that Def1p plays multiple roles in yeast.