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Related Experiment Videos

Activated CD8+ T-lymphocytes in obstructive sleep apnoea.

L Dyugovskaya1, P Lavie, M Hirsh

  • 1The Lloyd Rigler Sleep Apnea Research Laboratory, Unit of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Techion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.

The European Respiratory Journal
|May 3, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) patients exhibit heightened CD8+ T-lymphocyte cytotoxicity, linked to increased CD56 and perforin expression, potentially worsening atherosclerosis. Nasal continuous positive airway pressure treatment effectively reduces these harmful immune changes.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • T-lymphocytes play a role in atherosclerosis development.
  • Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk.
  • Phenotypic and functional changes in T-lymphocytes may contribute to atherogenic sequelae in OSA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate phenotypic and functional alterations in CD8+ T-lymphocytes of OSA patients.
  • To determine if these changes contribute to exaggerated atherogenic processes in OSA.
  • To assess the impact of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on these immune changes.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze phenotype and cytotoxicity against K562 cells.
  • 51Cr release assay assessed cytotoxicity against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

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  • Study included 36 OSA patients, 17 controls, and 15 single-night-treated OSA patients.

    • Main Results:

    • CD8+ T-lymphocytes from OSA patients showed significantly greater cytotoxicity against K562 and HUVECs compared to controls.
    • Increased cytotoxicity was associated with higher expression of perforin and natural killer receptors (CD56, CD16) in OSA CD8+ T-lymphocytes.
    • The CD56bright subset, involved in vascular endothelium interaction, was also significantly increased in OSA patients. Nasal CPAP treatment reduced CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity and CD56 expression.

    Conclusions:

    • OSA patients' CD8+ T-lymphocytes exhibit enhanced cytotoxicity due to increased CD56+/perforin+ expression, potentially driving atherosclerosis.
    • Nasal CPAP treatment effectively ameliorates these pro-atherogenic immune changes.
    • These findings support the hypothesis linking OSA to exaggerated atherogenic sequelae via immune dysregulation.