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Serum determinations in toxic isopropanol ingestion
The American Journal of Emergency Medicine
|May 1, 1992
Summary
Acetone appears rapidly in the blood after toxic isopropyl alcohol ingestion and remains detectable longer. This suggests acetone can serve as a valuable marker for identifying isopropyl alcohol exposure hours after ingestion.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Pharmacokinetics
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Isopropyl alcohol (IPA) ingestion can lead to toxic effects.
- Understanding the metabolic fate of IPA is crucial for clinical management.
- Acetone is a known metabolite of IPA.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between acetone production and isopropyl alcohol metabolism.
- To determine the temporal profile of isopropyl alcohol and acetone levels in serum following toxic ingestion.
- To evaluate acetone as a potential biomarker for IPA exposure.
Main Methods:
- Six male mongrel dogs were administered a toxic dose of 70% isopropyl alcohol (60 mL).
- Serum levels of isopropyl alcohol and acetone were monitored over time.
- Statistical analysis was performed to assess the correlation between IPA and acetone concentrations.
Main Results:
- Maximal serum isopropyl alcohol levels were observed 2-3 hours post-ingestion.
- Acetonemia was detected rapidly (within 15 minutes) and persisted after IPA levels plateaued.
- A significant positive correlation (r=0.54, P<0.001) was found between serum acetone and isopropyl alcohol levels.
Conclusions:
- There is a direct relationship between acetone production and isopropyl alcohol metabolism in toxic ingestions.
- Acetone's prolonged presence in serum may aid in identifying isopropyl alcohol exposure cases.
- Acetone can serve as a valuable and persistent biomarker for diagnosing isopropyl alcohol poisoning.