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Diversity and selection in sorghum: simultaneous analyses using simple sequence repeats.

A M Casa1, S E Mitchell, M T Hamblin

  • 1Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.

TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Theoretische Und Angewandte Genetik
|May 3, 2005
PubMed
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This study analyzed genetic diversity in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Cultivated sorghums retain significant diversity from wild relatives, with selection signals identified near domestication-related genes.

Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics
  • Population genetics
  • Crop science

Background:

  • Identifying genetic variation is crucial for crop improvement, but remains challenging.
  • Understanding diversity in sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) is key to domestication studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify and characterize genetic diversity in cultivated and wild sorghums.
  • To establish genetic relationships within sorghum accessions.
  • To identify selection signals linked to sorghum domestication.

Main Methods:

  • Assayed 98 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci across 104 sorghum accessions (73 landraces, 31 wild).
  • Evaluated SSR polymorphisms to assess genetic diversity and differentiation.
  • Employed statistical methods (Ewens-Watterson test, lnRH, Fst) to detect selection signals.

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Main Results:

  • Cultivated sorghums retained 86% of the diversity found in wild sorghums.
  • Moderate genetic differentiation observed between landraces and wild sorghums (Fst=0.13).
  • Eleven loci (15%) showed significant selection signals, with seven near domestication-related quantitative trait loci (QTLs).

Conclusions:

  • Population genetics approaches effectively identify genomic regions under selection in crop germplasm.
  • Sorghum landraces harbor substantial diversity, indicating ongoing gene flow or recent shared ancestry.
  • This study provides a framework for mining valuable genomic regions from germplasm collections.