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The tomato as a functional food.

Kirstie Canene-Adams1, Jessica K Campbell, Susan Zaripheh

  • 1Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition and the Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.

The Journal of Nutrition
|May 4, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Tomatoes, rich in nutrients and phytochemicals, are linked to reduced risks of cardiovascular disease and prostate cancer. Evidence from human and animal studies supports their role in a healthy diet.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Oncology
  • Cardiovascular Health

Background:

  • Tomatoes are a staple in the American diet, consumed both fresh and canned.
  • Emerging epidemiological data suggests a link between tomato consumption and lower risks of cardiovascular disease and prostate cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the nutrient and phytochemical composition of tomatoes and tomato products.
  • To explore the potential mechanisms by which tomato bioactives may modulate disease development.
  • To review epidemiological and animal study findings on tomato consumption and disease risk.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological studies on tomato consumption and disease risk.
  • Analysis of nutrient and phytochemical profiles of tomatoes and tomato products.

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  • Review of animal studies investigating tomatoes, lycopene, and prostate cancer models.

    • Main Results:

    • Tomatoes contain various nutrients and phytochemicals with potential health benefits.
    • Epidemiological data indicates a correlation between higher tomato intake and reduced incidence of cardiovascular disease and prostate cancer.
    • Animal studies, particularly using N-methyl-N-nitrosourea and Dunning rat models, suggest that tomato-containing diets may inhibit prostate cancer progression.

    Conclusions:

    • The frequent consumption of tomatoes, coupled with supporting epidemiological and animal data, highlights their significant role in a healthy diet.
    • Tomato's bioactive components may collectively contribute to reduced risks of major chronic diseases.
    • Further research into the specific mechanisms of action of tomato's constituents is warranted.