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[Occupational differences in exposure to hazardous work conditions].

Chiara Marinacci1, A d'Errico, M Cardano

  • 1Servizio regionale di Epidemiologia, ASL 5, Grugliasco (TO). chiara.marinacci@epi.piemonte.it

La Medicina Del Lavoro
|May 6, 2005
PubMed
Summary

This study identified specific occupations with high physical, chemical, and psychosocial risks, highlighting that older male workers often face fewer such exposures. This suggests potential workplace adaptations for aging employees.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Workplace Risk Assessment
  • Ergonomics and Psychosocial Factors

Background:

  • Limited research exists on Italian workforce's organizational and psychosocial conditions across occupational groups.
  • Previous studies often focused on specific, isolated occupations rather than broader occupational classifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify occupational groups with unfavorable profiles regarding organizational, psychosocial, physical, chemical, and ergonomic risks.
  • To analyze the distribution of these risks by worker age.

Main Methods:

  • Survey of 4,195 CGIL Trade Union members in Piedmont Region (2000) using self-administered questionnaires.
  • Assessment of chemical, physical, ergonomic risks, accidents, and psychosocial factors (control, demands, satisfaction).
  • Analysis of risk exposure proportions by occupational group, comparing high strain and High Strain Unfairly Rewarded (HSUR) conditions.

Main Results:

  • Younger males in specific groups (leather, paper, rubber, transport, construction) showed higher stress and HSUR.
  • Older males faced higher risks in rubber, transport, construction, and machine tool/assembly line roles.
  • Younger and older women in rubber, plastic, food industries, and machine tool roles exhibited elevated high strain and HSUR risks.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully differentiated the impact of various risk factors across occupational groups, identifying particularly demanding jobs.
  • A notable decrease in high strain conditions was observed in older male workers, suggesting potential workplace adaptations.
  • Company practices may involve adjusting workplace conditions, organization, and mobility to accommodate older workers.