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Related Experiment Videos

Respiratory muscle plasticity.

Katharine L Rowley1, Carlos B Mantilla, Gary C Sieck

  • 1Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First St. SW, Joseph 4-184W, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
|May 6, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Respiratory muscles, like the diaphragm, show limited plasticity to altered load or activity. However, loss of phrenic nerve input causes significant diaphragm changes, highlighting motoneuron trophic influence.

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Muscle Biology
  • Respiratory System

Background:

  • Respiratory muscles, particularly the diaphragm, are highly active due to continuous rhythmic demands.
  • Unlike limb muscles, respiratory muscles are non-weight-bearing and not subject to gravitational effects.
  • Standard plasticity induction methods for limb muscles may not apply to respiratory muscles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structural and functional plasticity of the diaphragm muscle.
  • To investigate diaphragm responses to changes in load and activity.
  • To understand the impact of phrenic innervation on diaphragm muscle integrity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on diaphragm muscle properties.
  • Analysis of studies examining diaphragm responses to altered load and activity.

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  • Examination of research on the effects of denervation and nerve blocks on the diaphragm.

    • Main Results:

    • Diaphragm structural and functional properties exhibit modest changes in response to altered load or activity.
    • Complete denervation or nerve blocks (e.g., tetrodotoxin) induce profound alterations in the diaphragm.
    • Spinal hemisection also leads to significant diaphragm changes.

    Conclusions:

    • The diaphragm displays limited plasticity to variations in mechanical load and activation.
    • Phrenic motoneuron innervation exerts a substantial trophic influence on the diaphragm muscle.
    • Disruptions in phrenic innervation are critical factors driving significant diaphragm adaptations.