Capillary electrophoretic analysis of flavonoids

Combining the effects of electrophoresis and electroendosmosis, flavonoids were separated in less than ten minutes in a fused silica capillary tube with a borate buffer adjusted to pH 10. An increase in the concentration of borate from 0.1 to 0.2 M resulted in longer migration times due to a decrease in electroosmotic flow, but also in improved selectivity and higher resolution of flavonoids. The calibration curve of rutin showed a detection limit of 0.02 mg/mL and linearity over its pharmaceutical concentration range. Using an internal standard of known concentration, the content of rutin in a methanolic extract of Sambuci flos could be determined with a coefficient of variation as small as 3.8% by the molar ratio-peak area ratio method.