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Synthesis and structure of cerium-substituted hydroxyapatite
Zude Feng1, Yingmin Liao, Meng Ye
1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry at the Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China. zdfeng@xmu.edu.cn
Summary
This study shows that cerium ions (Ce3+) can be incorporated into hydroxyapatite (HAP) crystals, altering their structure and morphology. Doping HAP with cerium ions changes particle shape from rods to needles and reduces crystal size.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is a key biomaterial in bone regeneration and dental applications.
- Understanding how dopant ions affect HAP structure is crucial for optimizing its properties.
- Cerium ions are being explored for their potential biological and catalytic activities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the impact of cerium ion doping on the formation and structural characteristics of hydroxyapatite.
- To determine the solubility limit and substitution mechanism of cerium ions within the HAP lattice.
- To analyze the morphological and crystallographic changes in cerium-doped hydroxyapatite (Ce-HAP).
Main Methods:
- Hydrothermal synthesis was employed to prepare Ce-HAP particles with varying cerium concentrations (X(Ce) from 0 to 10%).
- Characterization techniques included Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR).
- Morphology, composition, and crystal structure were analyzed to understand the effects of Ce3+ substitution for Ca2+.
Main Results:
- The apatite structure of HAP was maintained within the studied cerium concentration range.
- Ce3+ ions successfully substituted Ca2+ ions in the hydroxyapatite crystal lattice.
- Increasing cerium doping (X(Ce)) led to a decrease in crystallite size.
- Particle morphology transitioned from short rods (undoped) to long needles with increasing cerium content.
- The diameter of undoped HAP particles ranged from 10-20 nm, with lengths of 30-50 nm.
Conclusions:
- Cerium ions can be effectively incorporated into the hydroxyapatite lattice via substitution of calcium ions.
- Cerium doping influences the crystallite size and significantly alters the morphology of hydroxyapatite particles.
- The findings provide insights into the synthesis and structural modification of Ce-HAP for potential advanced applications.