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A novel DNA vaccine containing four mimicry epitopes for gastric cancer
Yu Chen1, Kaichun Wu, Changcun Guo
1National Key Lab for GI Cancer Biology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. This paper focuses on the development of a DNA vaccine containing four mimotopes of MG7Ag for gastric cancer (multi-epitope vaccine). By inoculating BALB/c mice, the vaccine was characterized and compared with a similar vaccine containing only one mimotope (mono-epitope vaccine) and other controls. Cellular ELISA indicated that serum titer of antibody against MG7Ag was significantly higher in mice immunized with the multi-epitope vaccine than that in the group immunized with the mono-epitope vaccine (0.8627 vs 0.6754, P < 0.05). And ELISPOT assay showed that the number of INF-gamma spots induced by multi-epitope vaccine was significantly larger than that of the group immunized with mono-epitope vaccine(93.3 vs 70.7, P < 0.05). Two weeks after tumor challenge, the weight of tumor in each mouse was evaluated, and the tumor masses formed in the mice immunized with multi-epitope vaccine were markedly smaller than those formed in the mice immunized with mono-epitope vaccine. These studies demonstrated that both humoral and cellular response were induced by the two vaccines and the efficiency of multi-epitope vaccine is stronger than that of the mono-epitope vaccine.
Insights
A novel multi-epitope DNA vaccine for gastric cancer demonstrated superior efficacy over a mono-epitope vaccine. This gastric cancer vaccine significantly boosted antibody and cellular immune responses, leading to reduced tumor growth in preclinical models.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Vaccine Development
Background:
- Gastric cancer is a prevalent malignancy in China.
- MG7 antigen is a target for gastric cancer immunotherapy.
- Developing effective vaccines is crucial for combating gastric cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and evaluate a multi-epitope DNA vaccine targeting gastric cancer.
- To compare the immunogenicity and efficacy of a multi-epitope vaccine against a mono-epitope vaccine.
- To assess both humoral and cellular immune responses induced by the vaccines.
Main Methods:
- Development of a multi-epitope DNA vaccine incorporating four MG7Ag mimotopes.
- Immunization of BALB/c mice with multi-epitope and mono-epitope vaccines.
- Evaluation of antibody titers using cellular ELISA.
- Assessment of cellular immunity via ELISPOT assay for INF-gamma.
- Tumor challenge studies to measure vaccine efficacy.
Main Results:
- The multi-epitope vaccine induced significantly higher antibody titers against MG7Ag compared to the mono-epitope vaccine (0.8627 vs 0.6754, P < 0.05).
- INF-gamma production, indicative of cellular immunity, was significantly greater with the multi-epitope vaccine (93.3 vs 70.7 spots, P < 0.05).
- Mice immunized with the multi-epitope vaccine exhibited markedly smaller tumor masses post-challenge.
Conclusions:
- The developed multi-epitope DNA vaccine effectively elicits both humoral and cellular immune responses against gastric cancer.
- The multi-epitope vaccine demonstrates superior immunogenicity and anti-tumor efficacy compared to the mono-epitope vaccine.
- This multi-epitope vaccine represents a promising strategy for gastric cancer immunotherapy.
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