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Gamma delta T cells respond directly to pathogen-associated molecular patterns
Jodi F Hedges1, Kirk J Lubick, Mark A Jutila
1Veterinary Molecular Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA.
Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)
|May 10, 2005
Summary
Gammadelta T cells directly respond to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), distinct from other T cells and myeloid cells. This suggests a novel innate immune role for gammadelta T cells in rapid pathogen recognition.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Innate Immunity
Background:
- Gammadelta T cells are known for rapid responses to infection and localization at mucosal surfaces.
- Their innate functions may share similarities with myeloid lineage cells.
- This study investigates their direct response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the direct response of human and bovine gammadelta T cells to PAMPs.
- To compare this response with known gammadelta T cell antigens and myeloid cell responses.
- To investigate the expression of PAMP receptors on gammadelta T cells.
Main Methods:
- Microarray analysis
- Real-time RT-PCR
- Proteome array assays
- Chemotaxis assays
- Analysis of purified gammadelta T cells (human and bovine)
Main Results:
- Purified gammadelta T cells directly respond to PAMPs by upregulating chemokine and activation-related genes.
- This response is distinct from responses to known gammadelta T cell antigens and from myeloid cell responses to PAMPs.
- Bovine gammadelta T cells showed a more robust response to PAMPs than human cells and expressed PAMP receptors.
Conclusions:
- Gammadelta T cells exhibit a direct, innate immune response to PAMPs.
- The expression of PAMP receptors suggests a role in rapid pathogen detection.
- These findings highlight a previously unrecognized innate function of gammadelta T cells.