[Cardiac arrhythmias during an elective cholecystectomy]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Gastroenterology
• Surgical Oncology

Background:

• Cardiac arrhythmias (CA) are potential complications following surgical procedures.
• Cholecystectomy is a common surgical intervention for chronic calculous cholecystitis (CCC).

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the incidence and predictors of cardiac arrhythmias (CA) in patients undergoing cholecystectomy for chronic calculous cholecystitis (CCC).

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature review and analysis of CA in 101 patients with CCC.
• Data collected preoperatively, intraoperatively, and postoperatively.
• Comparison of arrhythmias between laparoscopic and laparotomy approaches.

Main Results:

• Cholecystectomy, especially the laparotomy approach, demonstrated an arrhythmogenic effect.
• Predictors of dangerous CA included sinus tachycardia, bradycardia, ciliary arrhythmia, altered heart rate variability, and preoperative cardiomegaly.
• Endovideosurgical techniques showed a potentially lower arrhythmogenic risk compared to laparotomy.

Conclusions:

• Elective cholecystectomy carries a risk of cardiac arrhythmias.
• Identifying patients with specific cardiac conditions and rhythm disturbances preoperatively is crucial for risk stratification.
• Minimally invasive techniques may reduce the incidence of CA during cholecystectomy.