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Circulating epstein-barr virus in children living in malaria-endemic areas

N Rasti1, K I Falk, D Donati

  • 1Microbiology and Tumor Biology Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology
|May 11, 2005
PubMed

Insights

Malaria infection in children can reactivate Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), increasing EBV-carrying B cells. This reactivation may contribute to a higher risk of Burkitt

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) incidence is high in children in malaria-endemic regions.
  • The etiology of BL involves Plasmodium falciparum malaria and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infections.
  • Acute malaria impairs EBV-specific immune responses, increasing EBV-carrying B cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of malarial infection on EBV persistence in children.
  • To quantify cell-free EBV-DNA in plasma of children with and without acute malaria.

Main Methods:

  • Studied 73 Ghanaian children, with and without acute malarial infection.
  • Quantified cell-free Epstein-Barr virus DNA in plasma samples.
  • Compared viral DNA detection rates between malaria-infected and non-malaria groups.

Main Results:

  • Epstein-Barr virus DNA was detected in 40% of children's plasma samples.
  • Viral DNA was found in 47% of malaria-infected children versus 34% of non-malaria children.
  • Viral DNA was absent in plasma from Ghanaian adults and healthy Italian children.

Conclusions:

  • Viral reactivation is common in children in malaria-endemic areas.
  • Malarial infection may contribute to the increased risk of endemic Burkitt's lymphoma.
  • EBV infection and persistence epidemiology varies globally.

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