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Management systems response to improving immunization coverage in developing countries: a case study from Cambodia.

S Soeung1, J Grundy, B Biggs

  • 1Ministry of Health, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. sanns@nip.everyday.com.kh

Rural and Remote Health
|May 12, 2005
PubMed
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Cambodia's National Immunization Program (NIP) implemented management strategies to address stagnant infant vaccination coverage. Early results indicate these reforms are improving immunization rates in targeted areas.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Management
  • Immunization Programs

Background:

  • Infant vaccination coverage in Cambodia has stagnated since 1995, despite the National Immunization Program's (NIP) establishment in 1986.
  • The NIP has initiated institutional reforms to counteract static or declining immunization coverage rates.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and evaluate the management strategies implemented by Cambodia's NIP.
  • To assess the impact of these strategies on improving immunization coverage.

Main Methods:

  • Review of international literature.
  • Analysis of national coverage and surveillance data.
  • Examination of government policy, strategic planning documents, and human resource functional analysis.

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Main Results:

  • The NIP integrated strategic and operational plans into the national health sector plan.
  • Strengthened needs-based microplanning and established a national monitoring and management support strategy.
  • Introduced performance-based agreements to improve immunization coverage.

Conclusions:

  • NIP's management reforms are appropriate and enhance the likelihood of sustained immunization coverage gains.
  • Decentralization within the health system supports these reform efforts.
  • Early indicators suggest improved immunization coverage in targeted areas due to these reforms.