Figures of Eberth in the amphibian larval epidermis

Figures of Eberth are prominent extensive filamentous structures in the basal epidermal cells of larval amphibians. They are compared and contrasted qualitatively and quantitatively in a number of species of the three groups of living amphibians. Fully developed Figures consist of massive skeins of tonofilaments oriented in three dimensions and hinged on hemidesmosomes within the cell. The overall appearance of the Figures is similar in anurans, urodeles and Ichthyophis among the apodans. However, in terms of size and number per unit length of the proximal cell margin, the hemidesmosomes and the thickness or their emergent skeins in anurans and Ichthyophis differ significantly from those parameters in urodeles, a feature that is presumably independent of cell size. Figures are poorly developed or missing in embryos of Typhlonectes, which has no larval stage in its life history. These ubiquitous skeletogenous structures in the aquatic larval amphibians, among other things, could be protective of underlying delicate tissues and act as a stabilizer in bodily movement during swimming. They could also serve as a reserve of cytokeratin for use during later cellular division and sloughing.