Endoscopic myotomy of the cricopharyngeal muscle with CO2 laser surgery

Cricopharyngeal dysfunction may lead to severe dysphagia and aspiration. Several treatment modalities are available, such as external myotomy of the muscle, dilatation, and local infiltration with botulinum toxin. Recently, endoscopic transmucosal myotomies using a CO2 laser have been described.

Endoscopic cricopharyngeal myotomy using a CO2 laser was performed in 10 consecutive patients with dysphagia supposedly caused by cricopharyngeal muscle dysfunction without Zenker's diverticulum. All patients received prophylactic antibiotics and a feeding tube. Assessment was composed of clinical observation, a questionnaire, and a physical examination including flexible endoscopy and videofluoroscopy.

In all the patients, the procedure was feasible and without complications. Improvement of the complaints occurred in most patients. One patient had recurrent dysphagia and required a second endoscopic procedure.

Endoscopic laser surgery seems to be a safe and effective technique to treat cricopharyngeal dysfunction.