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Related Experiment Videos

Insulin responses to glucose and isoproterenol decrease with age.

James M Watters1

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, and Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ont. jwatters@ohri.ca

Canadian Journal of Surgery. Journal Canadien De Chirurgie
|May 13, 2005
PubMed
Summary

Older adults show reduced heart rate and insulin responses to beta-adrenergic stimulation and glucose loading compared to younger individuals. This suggests impaired beta-adrenergic sensitivity contributes to glucose intolerance in aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Gerontology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Older trauma patients exhibit impaired glucose tolerance, partly due to diminished insulin response.
  • This study investigated if reduced pancreatic sensitivity to beta-adrenergic stimulation underlies these diminished insulin responses in older individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the effects of beta-adrenergic stimulation and glucose loading on insulin response in young versus older healthy adults.
  • To determine if diminished beta-adrenergic sensitivity contributes to age-related glucose intolerance.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study involving healthy young and older adults undergoing isoproterenol infusion.
  • Paired studies included isoproterenol infusion alone and with a hyperglycemic glucose clamp.

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  • Measurements included heart rate, serum insulin, and hemodynamic and physiological variables.

    • Main Results:

    • Older adults had a less pronounced heart rate increase in response to isoproterenol (p < 0.01).
    • Serum insulin levels during combined infusion and clamp were lower in older adults (467 pmol/L) than in young adults (755 pmol/L) (p < 0.05).
    • Whole-body glucose disposal was significantly lower in older adults (5.8 mg/kg/min) compared to younger adults (9.6 mg/kg/min) (p < 0.05).

    Conclusions:

    • Healthy older adults exhibit lower heart rate and serum insulin responses to combined isoproterenol and glucose loading compared to younger individuals.
    • Diminished tissue sensitivity to beta-adrenergic signals may explain the impaired insulin response and glucose intolerance seen in older individuals post-injury or illness.