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Updated: Aug 18, 2026
Athymic Rat Model for Evaluation of Engineered Anterior Cruciate Ligament Grafts
Published on: March 26, 2015
A biomechanical comparison of posterior cruciate ligament reconstructions using single- and double-bundle tibial
John A Bergfeld1, Scott M Graham, Richard D Parker
1South County Orthopedic Specialists, 24331 El Toro Road, Suite 200, Laguna Hills, CA 92653, USA.
Background:
The efficacy of using a double-bundle versus single-bundle graft for posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has not been demonstrated.
Hypothesis:
A double-bundle graft restores knee kinematics better than a single-bundle graft does in tibial inlay PCL reconstructions.
Study Design:
Controlled laboratory study.
Methods:
Eight cadaveric knees were subjected to 6 cycles from a 40-N anterior reference point to a 100-N posterior translational force at 10 degrees , 30 degrees , 60 degrees , and 90 degrees of flexion. Testing was performed for the intact and posterior cruciate deficient knee as well as for both reconstructed conditions. Achilles tendons, divided into 2 equal sections, were prepared as both single-bundle and double-bundle grafts. Both grafts were employed in the same knee, and the order of graft reconstruction was randomized.
Results:
There were no statistical differences in translation between the intact state and either of the reconstructions (P > .05) or between either of the reconstructions at any flexion angle (P > .05).
Conclusion:
No differences in translation between the 2 graft options were identified.
Clinical Relevance:
The use of a double-bundle graft may not offer any advantages over a single-bundle graft for tibial inlay posterior cruciate reconstructions.